Wednesday, April 30, 2008

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As explained above ICT can support SMEs to create opportunities. This installment gives the definition of electronic commerce or e-commerce, strategy used in a good way can be used to generate value.
Several authors have tried to su definición de lo que es comercio electrónico, algunos de ellos lo han descrito de la siguiente manera:

“Podemos definir el comercio electrónico como cualquier forma de transacción comercial (no sólo comprar y vender) en la que las partes interactúan electrónicamente en lugar de por intercambio o contacto físico directo. También podríamos hablar de negocios electrónicos, que es más general y reservar el término comercio para las compras y ventas por Internet” [1].

“El uso de Internet y la Web para llevar a cabo negocios. De manera más formal, se centra en realizar transacciones comerciales por medios digitales entre organizaciones e individuos. Commercial transactions for digital media including the entire set of transactions made by digital technology. Performing most occurrences on the Internet. Business transactions include the exchange of value (eg money) between organizations or individuals in return for a product or service "[2].

"Electronic commerce refers to sale or purchase of goods or services through the Internet. Includes: getting estimates and quotes, negotiation, orders and contracts [3].
"Electronic commerce is a way to make transactions in goods and services through the use of electronic means (...) The fundamental characteristic of electronic commerce is that recruitment, ie the offer and acceptance thereof, are carried on - line, there's alternative payment made also on - line "[4].
The definition proposed by the Commission of European Communities indicates that electronic commerce is to conduct business transactions electronically, ie any activity in which businesses and consumers interact and do business with each other or with government electronically [ 5].

The definition I have adopted e-commerce is "business transactions between organizations (Companies) and individuals for digital media (mostly Internet) where there is necessarily an exchange of value in return for a product or service. "
to note here today. In the next post I will explain the difference between e-commerce and e-business, also cite some of the features that distinguish it from e-commerce in the traditional way.

References:
[1] Serrano Cinca, C. Electronic Commerce in the departments of a company, Available: http://www.5campus.org/leccion/econta , accessed June 21, 2007.

[2] Kenneth C. Laudon et al. E-Commerce: Bussines, Technology, Society. USA: Addison Wesley, 2002.

[3] Calderón, Carlos Francisco. Electronic Commerce. Guatemala: Seminar on "Business Opportunities for SMEs through e-commerce", 2005.

[4] Mercadolibre.com. Defining electronic commerce. Available:
http://guia.mercadolibre.com.co/1-concepto-general-comercio-electronico-4964-VGP , accessed June 21, 2007.

[5] Communication from the Commission European Communities to the Council, the European Parliament, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on European e-commerce initiative. Brussels, 1997. pp. 7 to 10.

Tuesday, April 22, 2008

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ICT and SMEs (Part II)

In the first part of this topic, given the definition of ICT and SMEs. There was also talk a bit about the impartancia with SMEs within society. In this section we present some of the profits earned by an SME to make use of ICTs.

Using ICT
necessarily entails the digitization process by which bits are encoded into information flows, communications and coordination mechanisms, whether in the form of text (blogs), audio (mp3), voice (podcast), pictures or other means (eg video-youtube-). There are various areas where ICTs can be well used in a company, these being some of them [1]:


  • production and / or services: Seeking efficiency, ensure consistency, implementing metrics, to provide differentiation , improve productivity and improve working conditions.

  • Business Management: Marketing and business intelligence, customer (CRM), electronic shopping, digital promotion, online sales, electronic receipts, business continuity.

As a result of the use of ICT, created what is known as e-services. E-services is the result of digitization of joint activities in society, eg public administration, business, education, marketing, among others. The difference is the means and the capabilities it offers to communicate.

ECLAC (Economic Commission for Latin America) in its report: "The path towards the information society in Latin America and the Caribbean" and describes three basic characteristics necessary (strata) that a country needs to start what is known as "scanning process, they are: stratum

  • horizontal: The first point concerns the physical infrastructure, also called horizontal layers, composed of all physical infrastructure ( network) and programs that will be the means to carry and present information. Stratum
  • vertical: On the second point, also known as vertical layers, the goal is to digitize the flow of information and communication in different spheres of society, including business, trade, public administration and other . When sector flows of information and communications are based on electronic networks is often postpone the suffix "-e" to the name of that sector, or we add the adjective "electronic" (for example, "E-Commerce" or " electronic commerce).
  • Finally, in addition to vertical and horizontal strata there is what is known as diagonal layers formed by the regulatory frameworks that foster and provide the field of new forms of behavior, the funding mechanisms that support the diffusion of these technologies and their application, and human capital. Figure 1 outlines the above.
Figure 1



References [1] Mora, Alexander. The new technologies of information and communication technologies (ICT) in enterprises. Guatemala: Seminar on "Business Opportunities for SMEs through e-commerce", 2005.

Monday, April 14, 2008

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ICT and SMEs (Part One)

Over time, the research process has led me to read various literature sources. I begin this post with two important definitions and ICT SMEs. As

a general definition, we can consider an SME as "a type of company with a limited number of workers and a relatively moderate level of turnover [1]. I have found that this definition varies by country. For the Guatemala case, according to Deputy Minister of the MSME (Ministry of Economy) is considered an SME as a company where the number of workers, with participation by the owner, is more than twenty-five and less than sixty. I have no exact figure, but in Guatemala, there are a considerable number of SMEs many of these are in the capital.

As noted, SMEs play a very important role in each country mainly due to the generation of employment and economic activity for the state produced results such as tax collection. In a globalized world, the challenge for all SMEs is to be more productive and competitive with fewer resources to large enterprises. One way to accomplish this is through technology adoption.

In a report to the Constitutional Congress of Costa Rica, José María Castro Madriz stressed the importance of ICT adoption: "... countries that do not use science and technology as guides in their companies, will remain neglected and shall be subject to the development of others, because in societies today, those who use more knowledge and wisdom, will be those who achieve advantages over other ..."[ 2]. The definition of ICT that will use from now on, when referring to ICT is: "technological systems through to receive, manipulate and process information, and facilitate communication between two or more partners. "

Okay, so far the first part of ICT and SMEs. In the next section will try to end it. Then we will move to theme e-commerce. I leave you with a video that I found interesting.





References

1. Melt. Environment Indicators for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in countries founded. Panama: Fundes, 2002.

2. Mora, Alexander. The new technologies of information and communication technologies (ICT) in enterprises. Guatemala: Seminar on "Business Opportunities for SMEs through e-commerce", 2005.

Sunday, April 13, 2008

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try to be as short as possible. I was taking the second half of 2005, then was enrolled in the seventh semester of my degree (Engineering Science and Systems USAC)
"Everyone who has attended this activity and submit your abstract will receive 3 points net of course," were the words of Mr. Lee's invitation after us on a seminar organized by Mineco in conjunction with other organizations. It is curious, as several activities at one time thought there would not have much significance then become part of us. That seminar was named "Business Opportunities for SMEs through e-commerce", were two-day exhibition at the premises of Intecap. That seminar was the first contact I had with e-commerce and ICT as a development tool for MSMEs (micro, small and medium enterprises).
It's time to choose a theme to do my final year project (thesis). Like most, I had no idea what topic I could choose. Started to investigate streaming technology is used, for example, to transmit video youtube. My idea was to make a comparison between different players, and then choose and present the best option. Windows Media, Real Player and Flash technologies were intended to compare. I had several disadvantages, including finding a consultant (or knowing someone who specializes in this area.) Addition the idea of \u200b\u200bmaking a comparison had generated after reading some of the arguments already made, so if we see it from a cold, would not have much relevance or impact. What to do about a situation?, Shortly after I received a letter from the engineer in charge of reviewing my work. After an email conversation we agreed to discuss my proposal. "Sorry, but as I recall there is already a topic similar to your proposal in the thesaurus thesis, why not think about an issue that has to do with SMEs and ICT, I will gladly support him if so I can . " These were the first words I had with me the PhD thesis advisor. Javier Gramajo.

Together we have been working for more than two years define the objectives, purpose and scope of work and as he told me, the pace of work is puts the student. I think it is very important Reconco I have had growth over this period in many aspects of my personal life. Furthermore, as a first result of work done, I present the conference I had the pleasure of imparting the Student Congress of Engineering Science and Systems (Coecys 2007). Here you will see in more detail matters relating to my graduate work.